Thursday, September 30, 2010

Basic Computer Course to be good in Microsoft Computers

Ram Ram Friends
   
        I made following notes while teaching Computer Basics at a computer institute as I have no syllabus offered to teach, but based on my capability at that time, I made these notes.

Computer Basics

Contents:-

1 Computer Fundamentals
2 Windows
3 Paint
4 Notepad
5 Word Pad
6 M S Word
7 M S Excel
8 M S Power Point
9 Internet

1 Computer Fundamentals

Contents:-

1 Computer
2 Strength of Computer
3 Weakness of Computer
4 Functioning of Computer (I-P-O Cycle)
5 Input Devices
6 Output Devices
7 CPU
8 Memory &its type
9 Hierarchy of memory storage media
10 Storing Method in different storage media
11 Unit of Memory
12 Storing Capacity of various memory devices
13 H/W & S/W
14 Types of S/W

2 Windows

Contents:-

1 Hard disk & its Partition
2 drive, folder, & file
3 File Address & its hierarchy
4 Creating Folders, Deleting files
5 Cut, Copy & Paste files, folders among folders, drives.
6 GUI & CUI

1 Computer Fundamentals

1 Computer ->
A computer is an electronic device that can perform a variety of operations in accordance with a set of instructions called programs.

Computer takes some order (input) then perform (process) the task to complete the order & give result (output).

2 Strength of Computer ->

A. Speed ->

B. High storage capacity ->

C. Accuracy ->

D. Reliability ->

E. Versatility ->
        1. Repetitive jobs
        2. Hazardous jobs

3 Weakness of Computer ->
  1. Zero IQ
  2. Lack of Decision making power


5 Input Devices ->
These are the machines, which are used to give input (order) to the computer.

Following are the various kinds of input devices: -
1. Keyboard
2. Mouse
3. Mike
4. Web Camera
5. Joystick
6. Scanner
7. Light-pen
8. Track ball
9. MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition)
10. OMR (Optical Mark Recognition)
11. OCR (Optical Character Recognition)
12. Touch screen

6 Output Devices ->
These are the machines, which are used to display output (result) from the computer.

Following are the various kinds of output devices: -
1. VDU (Visual Display Unit) / Monitor
2. Speakers
3. Printers
4. Plotters

7. C P U (Central Processing Unit ) ->

CPU has two parts
1. ALU (Arithmetic & Logical Unit)
2. CU (Control Unit)

1. ALU (Arithmetic & Logical Unit) ->
It has two parts

      A. Arithmetic Unit -> It is used to perform the arithmetic operations like

Addition (+)
Subtraction (-)
Multiplication (*)
Division (/)
It also perform comparison operations like
Equal (=)
Less than (<) Less than or equal to (<=) Greater than (>)
Greater than or equal to (>=)

    B. Logical Unit -> It is used to perform the logical operations like

AND
OR
NOT
    2. CU (Control Unit) -> 
It controls the flow of operations and instructions . i.e. it controls which instruction will be executed first & which instruction will follow it etc.

8. Memory &its type ->

Memory -> It is used for storing both instructions and data.

There are two kinds of memory

a. Primary memory/Main memory/Memory/volatile memory ->
It can store data & instructions in it till the electricity is on or till the system (computer) is on.

Once the computer is turned off (shut down) , then all the data stored in it , will be deleted automatically & we can't get that data again, because it is permanently removed from the memory.

b. Secondary memory/non-volatile memory/ Storage media/ Permanent memory ->
It can store data in it in both situations like when the computer is on & when the computer is off.


9 Hierarchy of memory storage media


  1. Memory
    1. Primary Memory
      1. RAM (Ramdom Access Memory)
      2. ROM (Read Only Memory)
    2. Secondary Memory
      1. Magnetic Media
        1. Floppy
        2. Hard Disk
      2. Optical Media
        1. CD (Compact Disk)
        2. DVD (Digital Versatile/Video Disk)
      3. IC (Chip) Media
        1. Pen Drive
        2. Flash Drive

10 Storing Method in different storage media
11 Unit of Memory
12 Storing Capacity of various memory devices

Unit of memory:-

1Bit= 1 or 0
1 Byte = 8 bits= 1 character
1 KB (Kio Byte) = 2^10 Bytes= 1024 Bytes= 1000 Bytes nearly
1MB (Mega Byte) = 2^10 KB= 1024 KB
1 GB (Giga Byte) = 2^10 MB
1 TB (Tera Byte) = 2^10 GB
Note: 2^10 means 2 raise to the power 10

1 floppy = 1.44 MB
1 RAM = 32 MB, 64 MB, 128 MB, 256 MB, 512 MB
1 CD = 700 MB
1 DVD = 4 GB to 17 GB
1 Hard Disk (HD) = 5 GB,10 GB, 20 GB, 40 GB, 80 GB,160 GB, 250 GB, 500 GB,1TB etc

Internet-> Network of network

Network -> a collection of more than one computer so that they can communicate with each other i.e. they can exchange information or files & folders with each other

Modem =>It is a machine which do modulation & demodulation

Mo=Modulation->Conversion of analog form of data into digital form of data


Dem=Demodulation-> Conversion of digital form of data into analog form of data


Analog form of data -> Data present in telephone line


Digital form of data -> data present in computer etc.


Functioning of internet -> Internet is working with the help of hypertext.


Hypertext -> It is a text/word/small line , written in blue color,& underline, & when mouse pointer is come over it then it gain the shape of a hand which point something with index finger.
Hypertext work by HYPERLINK
i.e. when we click on hypertext then it open a new page


ISP ->Internet Service Provider
e.g. VSNL, Satyam

websites


Home page – first page of any website

public website -> Provide free ‘e- mail’ facility


http => Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (rules)


www =>World Wide Web
e.g.
http://www.yahoo.com
http://www.google.com
http://www.rediff.com
http://www.rediffmail.com
http://www.indiatimes.com
http://www.jagran.com

private website :->

http://www.nokia.com
http://www.cbse.co.in
http://www.mtnl.co.in

e-mail (Electronic Mail) ->

To send or receive messages across the world.
For this You must have an address known as e-mail address.
e.g.
arunkakkar1@gmail.com
arunkakkar1@yahoo.com
arunkakkar1@hotmail.com



Difference between - (hyphen or minus or dash) & _ (underscore)
a-k (hyphen) read as "a hyphen k"
a_k (underscore) read as "a underscore k"

Its just the basic computer course, After learning it, you are open & of course ready to face the world of computing with lots of confidence.

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